Solar Battery – How It Works
The term “solar cell” can be understood in different ways. This is usually referred to as photovoltaic panels, which can convert sunlight into electricity.
Their work bears many similarities to the organization of the transistor. Typically, the material for that product is semiconductor silicon. If there is a need for high-power device, then there is used the battery of crystalline silicon.
In this case we can speak of two types. The first are the battery of single-crystal silicon. Outwardly, this material can be distinguished by the uniform black and gray color of the surface. The second type is represented by the current generation of elements made from cheaper polycrystalline silicon.
Production is made by casting. Material has a look of blue surface with uneven flow. In addition, silicon is complemented by a small amount of arsenic and boron.
The design of the simplest solar power source is as follows: two stacked thin sheet is connected in such a way that will retain the pn-junction. A used sheet contains impurity atoms of boron, the other – the impurity atoms of arsenic. One plate (outer) is characterized by a surplus of electrons, and internal – to insufficient number.
As a result of sunlight is lighting element and the two layers interact as electrodes ordinary batteries – there is emf. Ray “wakes up” the electrons, which are beginning to move from one plate to another. And the production of sunshine is not associated with chemical reactions. That is why such a solar battery can last for very long.
In fact, a limited lifespan does not exist. However, the device battery may differ in some details. For example, thin-layer cell can contain not only silicon, but gallium, arsenide, cadmium telluride, copper, selenium, and more.
Such a model solar cells have not been studied properly. There are some difficulties in the manufacture of these batteries. At the same time, these advanced batteries have certain additional properties. For example, models that use gallium arsenide, and are able to provide greater efficiency and more resistant to temperature shock.
So how do you choose a really working battery? An important prerequisite is the existence of resistance to the cyclic mode. The battery should be painlessly move deeper level, and have low level of self charge.
The important thing is indifference to such processes as a breach of the conditions of charging or discharging. Of course, a good battery should last a long time. You can also draw attention to other characteristics.
For example, how easy it is to maintain this battery, how much space is required.
In addition, the batteries do not emit large amounts of gas and provide oxygen recombination. As a result, water is the electrolyte is not exposed to power and evaporation. This, in turn, means that the consumer does not have to constantly worry about refilling the electrolyte.
The service life of such batteries is no more than 3-5 years. As a consequence, for the life of the solar battery (15-20 years and over) you will need to change the batteries (to add this to the cost of servicing of battery and equipment).
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Tags: alternative energy, green house, renewable energy, solar, solar panels